On my About page, I identify as a believer in Epicureanism. Epicureanism is a philosophical system founded by the ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus around 307 BCE. It emphasizes the pursuit of pleasure and happiness as the highest good in life, but it’s important to understand that this “pleasure” is not about indulgence in physical or sensual pleasures, but rather about achieving a state of tranquility and freedom from pain, both physical and mental. It’s NOT a synonym of hedonism. You can learn more about Epicureanism on this Wikipedia page.
Key Concepts of Epicureanism:
- Pleasure as the Ultimate Goal:
Epicurus believed that the purpose of life is to achieve ataraxia (peace of mind) and aponia (absence of pain). True pleasure is found in the absence of distress and fear, particularly the fear of death and the gods. - Moderation and Simple Pleasures:
Epicureans advocate for a simple life, where basic needs are met, and excessive desires are avoided. They argue that mental pleasures, such as friendship and intellectual pursuits, are superior to physical pleasures, which are often fleeting and can lead to pain if indulged excessively. - The Role of Knowledge:
Epicurus emphasized the importance of knowledge and understanding to eliminate fears, especially those related to death and the afterlife. He taught that the universe operates according to natural laws, and that the soul does not survive after death, thus there is no need to fear the afterlife. - The Gods:
While Epicureans did not deny the existence of gods, they believed that gods are not concerned with human affairs. Therefore, the gods should not be feared, as they do not interfere in the world. - Ethical Living:
Epicureanism promotes a life of ethical conduct where actions are chosen based on their potential to bring long-term happiness and avoid pain. This includes cultivating friendships, which Epicurus saw as essential to a happy life.
Modern Interpretation:
In modern usage, the term “Epicurean” is often associated with a love of fine food and drink, but this is a simplification. True Epicureanism is about finding deep contentment and avoiding suffering through knowledge, moderation, and the cultivation of meaningful relationships.